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The Journal of General Physiology, Vol 103, 279-319, Copyright © 1994 by The Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLES

Shaker potassium channel gating. II: Transitions in the activation pathway

WN Zagotta, T Hoshi, J Dittman and RW Aldrich
Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305.

Voltage-dependent gating behavior of Shaker potassium channels without N-type inactivation (ShB delta 6-46) expressed in Xenopus oocytes was studied. The voltage dependence of the steady-state open probability indicated that the activation process involves the movement of the equivalent of 12-16 electronic charges across the membrane. The sigmoidal kinetics of the activation process, which is maintained at depolarized voltages up to at least +100 mV indicate the presence of at least five sequential conformational changes before opening. The voltage dependence of the gating charge movement suggested that each elementary transition involves 3.5 electronic charges. The voltage dependence of the forward opening rate, as estimated by the single- channel first latency distribution, the final phase of the macroscopic ionic current activation, the ionic current reactivation and the ON gating current time course, showed movement of the equivalent of 0.3 to 0.5 electronic charges were associated with a large number of the activation transitions. The equivalent charge movement of 1.1 electronic charges was associated with the closing conformational change. The results were generally consistent with models involving a number of independent and identical transitions with a major exception that the first closing transition is slower than expected as indicated by tail current and OFF gating charge measurements.
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R. Mathur, J. Zheng, Y. Yan, and F. J. Sigworth
Role of the S3-S4 Linker in Shaker Potassium Channel Activation
J. Gen. Physiol., February 1, 1997; 109(2): 191 - 199.
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D. Sigg and F. Bezanilla
Total Charge Movement per Channel: The Relation between Gating Charge Displacement and the Voltage Sensitivity of Activation
J. Gen. Physiol., January 1, 1997; 109(1): 27 - 39.
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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
W. B. Thornhill, M. B. Wu, X. Jiang, X. Wu, P. T. Morgan, and J. F. Margiotta
Expression of Kv1.1 Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels in Lec Mutant Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Lines Reveals a Role for Sialidation in Channel Function
J. Biol. Chem., August 9, 1996; 271(32): 19093 - 19098.
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P. Pedarzani, J. Mosbacher, A. Rivard, L. A. Cingolani, D. Oliver, M. Stocker, J. P. Adelman, and B. Fakler
Control of Electrical Activity in Central Neurons by Modulating the Gating of Small Conductance Ca2+-activated K+ Channels
J. Biol. Chem., March 23, 2001; 276(13): 9762 - 9769.
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C. Gonzalez, E. Rosenman, F. Bezanilla, O. Alvarez, and R. Latorre
Inaugural Article: Periodic perturbations in Shaker K+ channel gating kinetics by deletions in the S3-S4 linker
PNAS, August 14, 2001; 98(17): 9617 - 9623.
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