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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1295/1999//57/ $5.00
Journal of General Physiology, Volume 113, Number 1, 1999


Article

A Serine Residue in ClC-3 Links Phosphorylation–Dephosphorylation to Chloride Channel Regulation by Cell Volume

Dayue Duan, Suzanne Cowley, Burton Horowitz, and Joseph R. Hume

From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557-0046

In many mammalian cells, ClC-3 volume-regulated chloride channels maintain a variety of normal cellular functions during osmotic perturbation. The molecular mechanisms of channel regulation by cell volume, however, are unknown. Since a number of recent studies point to the involvement of protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in the control of volume-regulated ionic transport systems, we studied the relationship between channel phosphorylation and volume regulation of ClC-3 channels using site-directed mutagenesis and patch-clamp techniques. In native cardiac cells and when overexpressed in NIH/3T3 cells, ClC-3 channels were opened by cell swelling or inhibition of endogenous PKC, but closed by PKC activation, phosphatase inhibition, or elevation of intracellular Ca2+. Site-specific mutational studies indicate that a serine residue (serine51) within a consensus PKC-phosphorylation site in the intracellular amino terminus of the ClC-3 channel protein represents an important volume sensor of the channel. These results provide direct molecular and pharmacological evidence indicating that channel phosphorylation/dephosphorylation plays a crucial role in the regulation of volume sensitivity of recombinant ClC-3 channels and their native counterpart, ICl.vol.

Key Words: ion channels • osmotic stress • signal transduction • protein kinase • protein phosphatase


Address correspondence to Dr. Joseph R. Hume or Dr. Burton Horowitz, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology/351, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0046. Fax: 702-784-4360; E-mail: joeh{at}med.unr.edu or burt{at}physio.unr.edu

Abbreviations: BIM, bisindolylmaleimide I-HCl; DIDS, 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid; I–V, current– voltage; PDBu, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate; PP, protein phosphatase


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