The Journal of General Physiology, Vol 80, 279-297, Copyright © 1982 by The Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLES

Influence of temperature upon contractile activation and isometric force production in mechanically skinned muscle fibers of the frog

RE Godt and BD Lindley

Increasing temperature (4-22 degrees C) increases the Ca2+ concentration required for activation of mechanically skinned frog muscle fibers. The pCa required for 50% maximal force (pCa50) was inversely proportional to absolute temperature. Assuming that relative force is directly related to fractional occupancy of the Ca2+-binding sites on troponin that regulate force, the shift was consistent with a Gibbs free energy change of binding (delta G) of about -7.8 kcal/mol. This is close to the delta G for Ca2+ binding to the calcium-specific sites on troponin C reported by others. Decreasing Mg2+ from 1 mM to 60 microM shifts the force-pCa curves at either 4 or 22 degrees C to higher pCa, but the shift of pCa50 with temperature over this range (0.4 log units) was the same at low and high Mg2+. Maximal force increased with temperature for the entire range 4-22 degrees C with a Q10 of 1.41, and over the restricted range 4-15 degrees C with a Q10 of 1.20. From the dual effects of temperature on Ca2+ activation and maximal force, one would expect that force would respond differently to temperature change at high or low Ca2+. At high Ca2+, a temperature increase will lead to an increased force. However, at low to intermediate Ca2+ levels (below the intersection of the force-pCa curves for the initial and final temperatures), steady state force should decrease with increasing temperature. The inverse responses should occur with a decrease in temperature. These responses are observed when temperature is changed by rapid solution exchange.
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				J. J. Widrick, K. M. Norenberg, J. G. Romatowski, C. A. Blaser, M. Karhanek, J. Sherwood, S. W. Trappe, T. A. Trappe, D. L. Costill, and R. H. Fitts Force-velocity-power and force-pCa relationships of human soleus fibers after 17 days of bed rest J Appl Physiol, November 1, 1998; 85(5): 1949 - 1956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				M. A. Simmons and C. R. Schneider Regulation of M-Type Potassium Current by Intracellular Nucleotide Phosphates J. Neurosci., August 15, 1998; 18(16): 6254 - 6260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				M. Konishi and M. Watanabe Steady State Relation between Cytoplasmic Free Ca2+ Concentration and Force in Intact Frog Skeletal Muscle Fibers J. Gen. Physiol., April 1, 1998; 111(4): 505 - 519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. Xu, J. Forrer, P. J. Bechtel, and P. M. Best Elevated growth hormone increases the Ca2+ sensitivity of slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscle of female rats Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, April 1, 1998; 274(4): C861 - C865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Redaelli, A. Malhotra, B. Li, P. Li, E. H. Sonnenblick, P. A. Hofmann, and P. Anversa Effects of Constitutive Overexpression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 on the Mechanical Characteristics and Molecular Properties of Ventricular Myocytes Circ. Res., March 23, 1998; 82(5): 594 - 603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. M. Blanchard, K. Iizuka, M. Christe, D. A. Conner, A. Geisterfer-Lowrance, F. J. Schoen, D. W. Maughan, C. E. Seidman, and J.G. Seidman Targeted Ablation of the Murine {alpha}-Tropomyosin Gene Circ. Res., December 19, 1997; 81(6): 1005 - 1010. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. J. Widrick, J. G. Romatowski, J. L. W. Bain, S. W. Trappe, T. A. Trappe, J. L. Thompson, D. L. Costill, D. A. Riley, and R. H. Fitts Effect of 17 days of bed rest on peak isometric force and unloaded shortening velocity of human soleus fibers Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, November 1, 1997; 273(5): C1690 - C1699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Wannenburg, P. M. L. Janssen, D. Fan, and P. P. De Tombe The Frank-Starling mechanism is not mediated by changes in rate of cross-bridge detachment Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 1997; 273(5): H2428 - H2435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. J. Perkins, Y.-S. Han, and G. C. Sieck Skeletal muscle force and actomyosin ATPase activity reduced by nitric oxide donor J Appl Physiol, October 1, 1997; 83(4): 1326 - 1332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Bangart, J. J. Widrick, and R. H. Fitts Effect of intermittent weight bearing on soleus fiber force-velocity-power and force-pCa relationships J Appl Physiol, June 1, 1997; 82(6): 1905 - 1910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Patel, K. S. McDonald, M. R. Wolff, and R. L. Moss Ca2+ Binding to Troponin C in Skinned Skeletal Muscle Fibers Assessed with Caged Ca2+ and a Ca2+ Fluorophore. INVARIANCE OF Ca2+ BINDING AS A FUNCTION OF SARCOMERE LENGTH J. Biol. Chem., February 28, 1997; 272(9): 6018 - 6027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				K. A. Palmiter, Y. Kitada, M. Muthuchamy, D. F. Wieczorek, and R. J. Solaro Exchange of beta- for alpha-Tropomyosin in Hearts of Transgenic Mice Induces Changes in Thin Filament Response to Ca[IMAGE], Strong Cross-bridge Binding, and Protein Phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem., May 17, 1996; 271(20): 11611 - 11614. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. White and H. Hartzell Effects of intracellular free magnesium on calcium current in isolated cardiac myocytes Science, February 12, 1988; 239(4841): 778 - 780. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T. Nosek, K. Fender, and R. Godt It is diprotonated inorganic phosphate that depresses force in skinned skeletal muscle fibers Science, April 10, 1987; 236(4798): 191 - 193. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P. C. Geiger, M. J. Cody, Y. S. Han, L. W. Hunter, W.-Z. Zhan, and G. C. Sieck Effects of hypothyroidism on maximum specific force in rat diaphragm muscle fibers J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2002; 92(4): 1506 - 1514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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