The Journal of General Physiology, Vol 85, 247-289, Copyright © 1985 by The Rockefeller University Press

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Time and calcium dependence of activation and inactivation of calcium- induced release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of a skinned canine cardiac Purkinje cell

A Fabiato

Microprocessor-controlled changes of [free Ca2+] at the outer surface of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) wrapped around individual myofibrils of a skinned canine cardiac Purkinje cell and aequorin bioluminescence recording were used to study the mechanism of Ca2+-induced release of Ca2+ from the SR. This Ca2+ release is triggered by a rapid increase of [free Ca2+] at the outer surface of the SR of a previously quiescent skinned cell. Ca2+-induced release of Ca2+ occurred under conditions that prevented any synthesis of ATP from ADP, was affected differentially by interventions that depressed the SR Ca2+ pump about equally, and required ionic conditions incompatible with all known Ca2+- releasing, uncoupled, partial reactions of the Ca2+ pump. Increasing the [free Ca2+]trigger up to an optimum increased the amount of Ca2+ released. A supraoptimum increase of [free Ca2+] trigger inactivated Ca2+-induced release of Ca2+, but partial inactivation was also observed at [free Ca2+] below that necessary for its activation. The amplitude of the Ca2+ release induced by a given increase of [free Ca2+] decreased when the rate of this increase was diminished. These results suggest that Ca2+-induced release of Ca2+ is through a channel across the SR membrane with time- and Ca2+-dependent activation and inactivation. The inactivating binding site would have a higher affinity for Ca2+ but a lower rate constant than the activating site. Inactivation appeared to be a first-order kinetic reaction of Ca2+ binding to a single site at the outer face of the SR with a Q10 of 1.68. The removal of inactivation was the slowest step of the cycle, responsible for a highly temperature-dependent (Q10 approximately 4.00) refractory period.
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				B. S Launikonis and D G. Stephenson Effects of Mg2+ on Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle fibres from yabby (crustacean) and rat J. Physiol., July 15, 2000; 526(2): 299 - 312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. G.A. Volders, M. A. Vos, B. Szabo, K. R. Sipido, S.H.M. de Groot, A. P.M. Gorgels, H. J.J. Wellens, and R. Lazzara Progress in the understanding of cardiac early afterdepolarizations and torsades de pointes: time to revise current concepts Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 2000; 46(3): 376 - 392. [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. R. Ferrier, I. M. Redondo, C. A. Mason, C. Mapplebeck, and S. E. Howlett Regulation of contraction and relaxation by membrane potential in cardiac ventricular myocytes Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2000; 278(5): H1618 - H1626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Layland and J. C Kentish Effects of {alpha}1- or {beta}-adrenoceptor stimulation on work-loop and isometric contractions of isolated rat cardiac trabeculae J. Physiol., April 1, 2000; 524(1): 205 - 219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Coussin, N. Macrez, J.-L. Morel, and J. Mironneau Requirement of Ryanodine Receptor Subtypes 1 and 2 for Ca2+-induced Ca2+ Release in Vascular Myocytes J. Biol. Chem., March 24, 2000; 275(13): 9596 - 9603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Piacentino III, K. Dipla, J. P Gaughan, and S. R Houser Voltage-dependent Ca2+ release from the SR of feline ventricular myocytes is explained by Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release J. Physiol., March 15, 2000; 523(3): 533 - 548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Qu, A. Ghatpande, N. El-Sherif, and M. Boutjdir Gene expression of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger during development in human heart Cardiovasc Res, March 1, 2000; 45(4): 866 - 873. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Harwood, F. Howarth, J. Altringham, and E White Rate-dependent changes in cell shortening, intracellular Ca(2+) levels and membrane potential in single, isolated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ventricular myocytes J. Exp. Biol., January 2, 2000; 203(3): 493 - 504. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. F. Stowe, S. Fujita, J. An, R. A. Paulsen, S. G. Varadarajan, and S. C. Smart Modulation of myocardial function and [Ca2+] sensitivity by moderate hypothermia in guinea pig isolated hearts Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 1999; 277(6): H2321 - H2332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. A Hobai and A. J Levi Coming full circle: Membrane potential, sarcolemmal calcium influx and excitation-contraction coupling in heart muscle Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 1999; 44(3): 477 - 487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R.-P. Xiao, H. Cheng, Y.-Y. Zhou, M. Kuschel, and E. G. Lakatta Recent Advances in Cardiac {beta}2-Adrenergic Signal Transduction Circ. Res., November 26, 1999; 85(11): 1092 - 1100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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